Adams Family Correspondence, volume 1

Abigail Adams to John Adams, 21 April 1776 AA JA Abigail Adams to John Adams, 21 April 1776 Adams, Abigail Adams, John
Abigail Adams to John Adams
April 21 1776

I have to acknowledg the Recept of a very few lines dated the 12 of April. You make no mention of the whole sheets I have wrote to you, by which I judge you either never Received them, or that they were so lengthy as to be troublesome; and in return you have set me an example of being very concise. I believe I shall not take the Hint, but give as I love to Receive; Mr. Church talk'd a week ago of setting of for Philadelphia. I wrote by him; but suppose it is not yet gone; you have perhaps heard that the Bench is fill'd by Mr. Foster and Sullivan,1 so that a certain person2 is now excluded. I own I am not of so forgiveing a disposition as to wish to see him holding a place which he refused merely from a spirit of envy.

I give up my Request for Chesterfields Letters submitting intirely to your judgment, as I have ever found you ready to oblige me in this way whenever you thought it would contribute either to my entertainment or improvement. I was led to the request from reading the following character of him in my favorite Thomson and from some spiritted and patriotick speaches of his in the Reign of Gorge 2.

O Thou, whose wisdom, solid yet refin'd Whose patriot-virtues, and consumate skill So struck the finer springs that move the world joind to what'er the Graces can bestow, And all Apollo's animating fire Give thee with pleasing dignity to shine At once the Guardian, ornament and joy Of polish'd life, permit the Rural Muse O Chesterfield, to grace thee with her Song! e'er to the shades again she Humbly flies Indulge her fond ambition in thy Train, (For every Muse has in thy train a place) To Mark thy various full accomplish'd mind To mark that Spirit which, with British scorn Rejects th Allurements of corrupted power; That elegant politeness which excels, Even in the judgment of presumptuous France The boasted manners of her shining court That wit, the vivid energy of Sense The truth of Nature, which with Attic point 390 And kind well-temperd Satire, smoothly keen Steals through the Soul and without pain corrects.

I think the Speculations you inclose prove that there is full Liberty of the press. Cato shews he has a bad cause to defend whilst the Forester writes with a spirit peculiar to himself and leads me to think that he has an intimate acquaintance with Common Sense.

We have inteligance of the Arrival of some of the Tory Fleet at Halifax that they are much distresst for want of Houses, obliged to give 6 Dollors per month for one Room, provisions scarce and dear. Some of them with 6 or 8 children round them sitting upon the Rocks crying, not knowing where to lay their heads. Just Heaven has given them to taste of the same cup of Afliction which they one year ago administerd with such Callous Hearts to thousands of their fellow citizens, but with this difference that they fly from their injured and enraged Country, whilst, pity and commiseration received the Sufferers whom they inhumanely drove from their Dwellings.

I would fain hope that the time may not be far distant when those things you hint at may be carried into Execution.3

Oh are ye not those patriots, in whose power That best, that Godlike Luxery is plac'd Of blessing thousands, thousands yet unborn Thro' late posterity? Ye large of Soul chear up dejected industery, and give A double Harvest to the pining Swain Teach thou the Labouring hand the Sweets of Toil How by the finest Art, the Native robe To weave; how white as hyperborean Snow To form the lucid lawn; with venturous oar How to dash wide the billow; nor look on Shamefully passive, while Brittania's Fleets Defraud us of the glittering finny Swarms That heave our friths, and swarm upon our Shores How all-enlivening trade to rouse, and wing The prosperous Sail, from every growing port uninjurd, round the sea incircled Globe.

Tis reported here that Admiral Hopkings is blocked up in Newport harbour by a Number of Men of War. If so tis a very unlucky circumstance. As to fortification those who preside in the assembly can give you a much better account than I.

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I heard yesterday that a Number of Gentlemen who were together at Cambridge thought it highly proper that a Committee of Ladies should be chosen to examine the Torys Ladies, and proceeded to the choise of 3 Mrs. Winthrope, Mrs. Warren and your Humble Servant.

I could go on and give you a long list of domestick affairs, but they would only serve to embariss you, and noways relieve me. I hope it will not be long before things will be brought into such a train as that you may be spaired to your family.

Your Brother has lost his youngest child with convulsion fits. Your Mother is well and always desires to be rememberd to you. Nabby is sick with the mumps, a very disagreable disorder.—You have not once told me how you do. I judge you are well as you seem to be in Good Spirits.—I bid you good Night, all the Little flock Send Duty; and want to see P——a.

Adieu. Shall I say remember me as you ought.

RC (Adams Papers); endorsed: “ansd. My. 12.”

1.

Jedidiah Foster and James Sullivan, commissioned 20 March (Quincy, Reports , p. 341).

2.

Robert Treat Paine.

3.

The following quotation, like that above, is from AA's “favorite,” James Thomson, whose The Seasons (first published complete in 1730) she seems to have read and reread until she knew it, despite its prodigious length, almost by heart. But it was her habit, whether quoting Thomson, Shakespeare, or any other poet, silently to adapt the texts to her purpose. The present passage is a good example of this habit. It is taken from the “Winter” section of The Seasons, specifically lines 910–926, and anyone interested in such matters may compare her version (or paraphrase) with Thomson's original in his Complete Poetical Works, ed. J. Logie Robertson, London, 1908, p. 165. Thomson's first line (in the passage here quoted) is: “Oh! is there not some patriot in whose power...,” which AA pluralizes to apply to the Continental Congress. The 11th–13th lines in the original rouse Britons against Dutch encroachments on their fisheries: “nor look on, / Shamefully passive, while Batavian fleets / Defraud us of the glittering finny swarm.” But AA converts this into perhaps the earliest assertion of American (as opposed to British) rights in the Atlantic fisheries.

John Adams to Abigail Adams, 23 April 1776 JA AA John Adams to Abigail Adams, 23 April 1776 Adams, John Adams, Abigail
John Adams to Abigail Adams
April 23d. 1776

This is St. Georges Day, a Festival celebrated by the English, as Saint Patricks is by the Irish, St. Davids by the Welch, and St. Andrews by the Scotch. The Natives of old England in this City heretofore formed a Society, which they called Saint Georges Clubb, or Saint Georges Society. Upon the Twenty third of April annually, they had a great Feast. But The Times and Politicks have made a schism in the society so that one Part of them are to meet and dine at 392the City Tavern, and the other att the Bunch of Grapes, Israel Jacobs's, and a third Party go out of Town.

One sett are staunch Americans, another staunch Britons I suppose, and a Third half Way Men, Neutral Beings, moderate Men, prudent Folks—for such is the Division among Men upon all Occasions and every Question. This is the Account, which I have from my Barber, who is one of the Society and zealous on the side of America, and one of the Philadelphia Associators.

This curious Character of a Barber, I have a great Inclination to draw for your Amusement. He is a little dapper fellow, short and small, but active and lively, a Tongue as fluent and voluble as you please, Wit at Will, and a Memory or an Invention which never leaves him at a Loss for a story to tell you for your Entertainment. He has seen great Company. He has dressed Hair, and shaved Faces at Bath and at Court. He is acquainted with several of the Nobility and Gentry, particularly Sir William Meredith. He married a Girl the Daughter of a Quaker in this Place, of whom he tells many droll stories. He is a Serjeant in one of the Companies of some Battalion or other here. He frequents, of Evenings, a Beer House kept by one Weaver, in the City, where he has many curious Disputes and Adventures, and meets many odd Characters.

I believe you will think me very idle, to write you so trifling a Letter upon so uninteresting a subject, at a Time, when my Country is fighting Pro Aris et Focis.

But I assure you I am glad to chatt with this Barber while he is shaving and combing me, to divert my self from less agreable Thoughts. He is so sprightly, and good humoured, that he contributes more than I could have imagined to my Comfort in this Life.

Burne1 has prepared a String of Toasts for the Clubb to drink to day at Israels.

The Thirteen united Colonies. The free and independent States of America. The Congress for the Time being. The American Army and Navy. The Governor and Council of South Carolina,2 &c. &c. &c. An happy Election for the Whiggs on the first of May &c.

RC (Adams Papers).

1.

In his accounts for 1777 JA gives the name of his “sprightly” Philadelphia barber as John Burn, or Byrne ( Diary and Autobiography , 2:254, 255). The latter spelling is more plausible, and it is supported by Jefferson's accounts in 3931776 (quoted in PMHB , 31 [1907]:31). JA reported to AA further examples of Burn's entertaining chatter and “droll stories” on his wife; see especially his letters of 28 March and 23 April 1777, below.

2.

South Carolina had recently adopted a new constitution and elected a governor. See Burnett, ed., Letters of Members , 1:438 and note; also JA to AA, 17 May, below.